The treatment process of urban construction waste
Release time：2025 / 12 / 01 16:34:55
(1) The treatment of metal waste is relatively easy, as the waste is melted in a blast furnace and products are produced as needed. Metal is a recyclable material that can be processed using appropriate processing techniques for recycling. The recycling rate of metals is relatively high, usually with a recovery rate of over 70%.
(2) The processing technology for plastic waste is not very advanced, and the recycling rate is relatively high, second only to the recycling rate for metals. Plastic has a relatively low degradation ability in nature, and once it pollutes the environment, it is difficult to recover. After recycling plastic waste, it can be melted at high temperatures and reused. More than 40% of recycled plastic waste has stable chemical properties and relatively low processing costs.
(3) The proportion of wood waste in construction waste is very small. The recycling of wood waste mainly involves the recovery of high-quality wood and well shaped wood blocks. For some irregular wood recycling, further research is needed.
(4) Construction template waste refers to the conversion of some template materials into building entities. There are also a large number of templates used in construction projects, and dismantled templates can be preserved and reused without causing waste.
1.2 Reasonable use of garbage in infrastructure projects
(1) In landscaping construction, construction waste can be fully utilized, which can play a role in beautifying the city. Compared with household waste, construction waste has strong stability and does not have a high level of pollution. When a large amount of construction waste is piled up during construction, it occupies land and leads to waste of land resources. In recent years, some cities in China have been conducting research on the rational utilization of construction waste, using it as raw material for mountain landscaping. This not only promotes the recycling of construction waste, but also ensures environmental hygiene and prevents the occupation of land resources. When dealing with construction waste, the waste should be properly stacked and then treated as waste resources using corresponding technological processes to promote the recycling of construction waste. The shaping of urban landscape requires a large amount of materials, and building materials should be fully utilized to shape urban leisure areas and artificial landscapes, improving the image of the city and playing a role in urban beautification.
(2) When filling the roadbed, construction waste can be fully utilized. According to traditional construction techniques, the sand and gravel used for roadbed filling requires not only material costs but also transportation fees, as well as a significant amount of manpower, material resources, and time. Crushing and filling the roadbed with construction waste has a very good effect. Construction waste is disposed of and costs are reduced, making the originally discarded construction waste a usable treasure.
(3) In hydraulic engineering, dams are the foundation engineering. There are many materials required during construction. If we rely on excavating soil and rocks, it will cause damage to the soil environment and also disrupt the stability of the microclimate. Use construction waste in dam construction to improve the utilization rate of construction waste.
1.3 Using landfill to treat construction waste. The production of construction waste in China is gradually increasing, with construction waste accounting for over 30% of the total urban waste. On average, a large amount of construction waste is generated during construction every year, which can reach around 400000 tons. The concealment of construction waste pollution is very strong, and the treatment of this type of waste should be highly valued. Due to the lack of timely disposal of most construction waste, urban environmental pollution has occurred. Transporting garbage to remote areas and using open-air landfills for disposal can have a temporary effect.
(1) Proper selection of landfill sites is necessary to ensure the bearing capacity of the foundation, and to choose landfill sites based on the water environment of the surrounding environment and the characteristics of the leachate in the garbage.
(2) Adopt pre-treatment methods for construction waste. By properly classifying construction waste and crushing it, recyclable construction waste such as metal waste, plastic waste, wood waste, and formwork waste can be recycled. After technical treatment, the remaining construction waste can be fully utilized and disposed of in landfills.
(3) After landfilling, construction waste should be compacted and then sealed.
(4) Effective management and real-time supervision should be carried out for the later stage landfill site, including monitoring of the air environment, soil environment, and water environment around the landfill site using instruments. Reasonable measures should be taken to control and avoid garbage pollution of the surrounding environment. 2、 Principles to be followed in the treatment of construction waste
2.1 The treatment of construction waste should follow the principle of reduction. Construction enterprises should reduce the amount of construction waste produced during construction, not only in terms of quantity but also in terms of volume. They should also classify the types of construction waste, use them reasonably, eliminate harmful components, or reduce the content of harmful components. In the waste disposal of building materials, the pollution of waste should be considered, so new materials should be actively used in construction. Urban planning should be strengthened, building design should have a high level, and construction waste should be utilized reasonably to extend the service life of buildings and greatly reduce costs.
2.2 The treatment of construction waste needs to follow the principle of resource utilization. The recycling of construction waste means turning it into a usable resource for use in construction projects. By improving management level and actively introducing new technologies, the construction waste can be reasonably utilized after technical treatment. In specific implementation, construction waste can be directly or indirectly utilized. For example, for the landfill treatment of construction waste, construction waste can be used in the construction of the foundation. In indirect utilization, construction waste is processed into blocks for use, and temporary work sheds are built using discarded wood and metal.
2.3 The treatment of construction waste should follow the principle of harmlessness. In the treatment of construction waste, some waste contains toxic components, especially toxic chemicals such as batteries containing lead and chromium, fluorescent bulbs containing mercury, etc., which all contain harmful substances. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out pollution-free treatment of these wastes to avoid harm to the surrounding environment.
3、 Conclusion
In summary, as the number of construction projects increases, the amount of construction waste produced also increases. To avoid environmental pollution caused by construction waste, it is necessary to adopt scientific and effective process technology for waste treatment and rational utilization, and improve its application value.
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